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Acute Renal Necrosis DDx (emphasis on infectious agents)
- Viral: HSV, VZV, CMV
- Toxoplasma
- Syphilis
- Aspergillus
- Behçet’s disease
- Intraocular lymphoma
Posted 03/22/17 09:57:10 AM by Matthew Cummings
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Multiple-ring enhancing CNS Lesions = MAGIC DR
- Metastases
- Abscess --> bacterial (Mycobacteria, Nocardia, Actinomyces, Listeria); fungal (endemic mycoses, Aspergillus); parasitic (neurocystircercosis, Echinococcus, and Entamoeba);
- Glioma/CNS neoplasms (e.g. lymphoma)
- Infarct
- Contusion
- Demyelination (e.g. MS, ADME)
- Resolving hematoma/radionecrosis
Posted 03/22/17 10:01:52 AM by Matthew Cummings
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Nocardiosis
- Nocardia: Gram-positive branching, filamentous rod.
- DDx includes Actinomyces --> Nocardia is weakly acid fast, Actinomyces is not
- Sites of infection (1994 review of 1050 cases):
- Pulmonary (most common): diverse symptoms (acute/subacute), imaging w/ nodules/mass/interstitial infiltrates/consolidation/pleural effusion
- CNS: abscess (ring-enhancing--single or multiple), meningitis
- Cutaneous: ulcerations, pyoderma, cellulitis, nodules, and subcutaneous abscesses
- Other extra-pulmonary sites: eyes (endopthalmitis, retinitis), bone (osteomyelitis)
- TMP-SMX is mainstay of therapy often in combination w/ carbapenem/linezolid
Posted 03/22/17 10:15:51 AM by Matthew Cummings
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For further reading...
Posted 03/22/17 10:18:33 AM by Matthew Cummings
Created by Christopher Kelly
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